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The following report describes the results of excavation E2123 carried out between April and August 2006 in Treanbaun townland, County Galway (NGR 169136, 226170) c. 2 km southeast of the town of New Inn. The excavation was part of the archaeological investigations preceding the construction of the N6 Galway to Ballinasloe dual carriageway. The site was a new discovery and was not marked on Ordnance Survey maps nor listed in the Record of Monuments and Places. Archaeological testing by CRDS Ltd in 2005 (Muñiz Pérez & Mullins 2005) identified two burials, several pits, one cist and a large subcircular ditch. Excavation encompassed two separate areas with a total area of 6800 sq m and maximum overall dimensions of 200 m ESE-WNW by 60 m NNE-SSW. The site is located on the summit and western slope of a low hill which is part of an esker running from northeast to southwest. To the south of the site there is a stream which acts as the townland boundary. The hill is partly enclosed at its southern extent by a low field bank of semicircular shape which separates dryland from wetland and is visible in the OS 1st edition (1838) map. The closest recorded archaeological monument to the site (50 m to the south) is another monument (GA086:233) within the townland of Treanbaun. This consists of a rectangular earthwork with a souterrain (Alcock et al. 1999, 277:3228), which indicates that the site is early medieval in date. The remains of a bivallate ringfort are visible from the site 440 m to the east (GA086:236), in the townland of Turksland. A third recorded monument in the vicinity is located 600 m to the NNE, in the townland of Ashbrook. It consists of an enclosure and a 19th-century private burial ground (GA086:012). Another site excavated by CRDS in the same townland (E2123) was located c. 750 m to the west. This site consisted of very truncated remains of Neolithic and Early Bronze Age date. The features excavated in Treanbaun E2123 range from the Early Bronze Age to medieval and postmedieval periods. Area B contains the oldest remains. A cist cremation contained within an Early Bronze Age bipartite vase was slightly truncated by a large pit - interpreted as a lead mine - which contained a second cist with an Early Bronze Age cremation. Close to this area but unrelated to it was a series of features identified as Late Bronze Age. A large sub circular ditch enclosed the top of the hill in Area A. A cremation pit surrounded by a small ditch or férta was located on the highest point of the hill. Surrounding it, a total of 31 early medieval burials were identified. Scarce truncated internal features suggest that there has been heavy truncation of the archaeological remains due to agricultural practices. Possible remnants of a souterrain was identified in the outskirts of the enclosure ditch. Finally some late features such as gravel quarrying pits and field boundaries were identified truncating the archaeological remains.