This report presents the results of archaeological investigations carried out on behalf of Kildare County Council and the National Roads Authority as part of Archaeological Services Contract No. 4? Resolution, Prumplestown to Powerstown, prior to the commencement of construction on this section of the N9/N10 Kilcullen to Waterford Scheme: Kilcullen to Powerstown. The work was undertaken under National Monuments Section Registration Number: E2600 in the townland of Ballybar Upper, Co. Carlow. The Minister for the Environment, Heritage & Local Government, following consultation with the National Museum of Ireland, directed that Áine Richardson of Headland Archaeology Ltd should proceed with archaeological resolution. The report was written by Gerry Breen who supervised work at the site and Colm Moloney (Senior Archaeologist) as Ms Richardson was no longer employed by Headland Archaeology Ltd during the post?excavation phase of the project. Archaeological testing carried out under the N9/N10 Kilcullen to Waterford Scheme: Kilcullen to Powerstown; Archaeological Services Contract No. 3 – Test Excavations, Prumplestown to Powerstown under Ministerial Direction Number A021/042 on this site in June and July 2005 identified two shallow charcoal?rich deposits. This material (A021/042:119) contained heat?shattered stone and charcoal in a black charcoal stained silty clay. It was confined to Trench 1. The two deposits were roughly circular in plan and measured 2 m and 1.2 m in diameter with a depth of 0.1 m and 0.2 m. Both features were fully recorded and excavated during testing. Additional test trenches were excavated in the area with the aim of locating a potential burnt mound however none was identified (Hegarty 2006). Full archaeological resolution was conducted on this site between April 15th and April 16th 2006. This revealed one feature which contained heat shattered stone and charcoal interpreted as a possible heavily truncated trough for a burnt mound. The area had been severely disturbed by ploughing and other modern agricultural activity.